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Marriage Advertisements in India

Every Sunday morning millions of Indians settle down with a cup of tea and special weekend issues of their newspapers, just as Americans do. But here, with the marriage season approaching, many of them quickly turn to a Sunday feature that is particularly Indian - the columns of marriage advertisements in which young people look for husbands and wives. This is relatively (相關(guān)地) modern change in the age-old custom of the arranged marriage. The thousands of advertisements published each week increasingly reflect social changes that coming to this traditional society. For example, although women are still described in terms of appearance, or skill in “the wifely arts,” information about her earning power is entering more and more of the advertisements. This reflects the arrival in India of the working wife.

Divorce, which used to be almost unheard of in India, is sometimes now mentioned in the advertisements as in the case of a woman whose advertisement in New Delhi newspaper explained that she had been “the innocent party” when her marriage broke up.

Because the custom of the dowry (嫁妝) (marriage payment) is now illegal (違法的), some advertisements say “no dowry”, or “simple marriage”, which means the same thing. However, the fathers of many bridegrooms still require it.

In a land where light skin is often regarded as socially preferable, many also require that a woman have a “wheat-color” complexion (面色) or that a man be “tall, fair and handsome”.

Advertisements are placed and eagerly read by a wide range of people in the upper classes, mostly in cities. Many of them receive dozens of answers. “There’s nothing embarrassing about it,” explained a Calcutta businessman advertising a son-in-law. “It’s just another way of broadening the contacts and increases the possibility of doing the contacts and increasing the possibilities of finding the best one for one’s daughter.”

Because of high unemployment and a generally poor standard of living here, one of the best attractions a marriage advertisement can offer is a permit to live abroad, especially in Canada or the United States. A person who has one can get what he wants.

One recent Sunday in Madras, for example, a Punjabi engineer living in San Francisco advertised for a “beautiful slim bride with lovely features knowing music and dance.” And a man whose advertisement said that he held an American immigration permit was able to say, only girls from rich, well-connected families need apply.

1、In Marriage advertisements in India women are only introduced in terms of appearance or their skill in being a good wife.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 B

【答案解析】 India是文章主題詞，所以不用India作為答案線索(因?yàn)槲恼轮黝}詞會(huì)在文章中反復(fù)出現(xiàn))，利用問(wèn)題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞Marriage advertisements和appearance and their skill作為答案線索， 在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：For example, although women are still described in terms of appearance, or skill in “the wifely arts,” information about her earning power is entering more and more of the advertisements. 答案相關(guān)句說(shuō)“盡管廣告依然描述婦女的外貌或婦女的賢惠， 關(guān)于婦女賺錢(qián)能力的介紹也在越來(lái)越多的婚姻廣告上出現(xiàn)了”， 顯然答案相關(guān)句的內(nèi)容與問(wèn)題句(印度的婚姻廣告只介紹婦女的外貌或婦女的賢惠)內(nèi)容不一致。

2、India’s society is changing.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 A

【答案解析】 這道題是主旨題。文章第一段倒數(shù)第3句直接反映文章主題：The thousands of advertisements published each week increasingly reflect social changes that coming to this traditional society. 該句說(shuō)“每周公布的數(shù)以千計(jì)的廣告反映出這個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的社會(huì)正發(fā)生著變化”。

3、The word “dowry” in the third paragraph means marriage payment.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 A

【答案解析】 利用dowry作為答案線索，在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：Because the custom of the dowry (marriage payment) is now illegal, some advertisements say "no dowry", or "simple marriage", which means the same thing.答案相關(guān)句中marriage payment放在括號(hào)中出現(xiàn)在dowry，充當(dāng)其同位語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，對(duì)其進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)虼薲owry的含義就是“marriage payment(彩禮錢(qián))”。

4、In India people with light skin and good feature are preferable.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 C

【答案解析】 利用細(xì)節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)“l(fā)ight skin”和“good feature”作為答案線索，在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句：In a land(國(guó)家，指印度)where light skin is often regarded as socially preferable, many also require that a woman have a "wheat-color" complexion or that a man be "tall, fair and handsome".答案相關(guān)句說(shuō)“在印度，人們喜好淺亮膚色”，但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)“喜歡美麗的容貌”，因此問(wèn)題句中有部分信息沒(méi)有在文章中出現(xiàn)。

5、The word “one” in “A person who has one can get what he wants” refers to good attraction.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 B

【答案解析】 首先找到“A person who has one can get what he wants”所在的上下文：Because of high unemployment and a generally poor standard of living here, one of the best attractions a marriage advertisement can offer is a permit to live abroad, especially in Canada or the United States. A person who has one can get what he wants. 劃線句說(shuō)“有了一個(gè)…的人能得到他想要的”，結(jié)合前句話的內(nèi)容，one 應(yīng)該指前句中的permit to live abroad(在國(guó)外居住地許可證)。

6、Advertisements are only read by a small group of people of high social status.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 B

【答案解析】 利用問(wèn)題句中含有修飾結(jié)構(gòu)的短語(yǔ)people of high social status作為答案線索，在第5段中找到答案相關(guān)句：Advertisements are placed and eagerly read by a wide range of people in the upper classes(與people of high social status呼應(yīng))，mostly in cities. 答案相關(guān)句說(shuō)“上層社會(huì)中很多人都會(huì)急切地讀這些廣告” ， 因此問(wèn)題句的內(nèi)容與答案相關(guān)句的內(nèi)容不一致。

7、In India there is a high divorce rate.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 C

【答案解析】 文章中沒(méi)有提到印度的離婚率。

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