發(fā)布時(shí)間: 2016年03月02日
補(bǔ)全短文這個(gè)題型是職稱英語考試中比較難的一題,該題出現(xiàn)在試卷的第五部分;一篇短文中有5個(gè)空格,分別是五句被刪掉的句子,從下面6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中找出5個(gè)分別填在空格中使文章完整。此題不易作的原因有二:
1)它不僅要求較高的閱讀能力,還要具備良好的邏輯推理能力;
2) 6選5的題其中必然有一個(gè)選項(xiàng)是干擾選項(xiàng),如果考生不幸將其作為答案填入則意味著至少要丟4分(每空2分)。
因此,我們答題時(shí)必須遵循先易后難的步驟進(jìn)行。假設(shè)有2個(gè)空實(shí)在找不出答案,在剩余的2個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)同時(shí)填入兩個(gè)空格,能確保其一正確。下面,我們一起來學(xué)習(xí)一下補(bǔ)全短文解題思路:
1.讀文章標(biāo)題,了解文章主題(提示: 如果被選項(xiàng)偏離文章主題,則該被選項(xiàng)成為答案的可能性較?。?
2.仔細(xì)讀被選項(xiàng),體會(huì)被選項(xiàng)之間在語意, 在用詞, 在結(jié)構(gòu)上的相互關(guān)系(答案往往出自有關(guān)系的被選項(xiàng)中)
3.找出被選項(xiàng)中的典型篇章詞匯(人稱代詞, 指示代詞, 定冠詞結(jié)構(gòu))——判斷答案選項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵;
4.如果被選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了“we(us, our, ours)”或“you(your, yours)”這樣的人稱代詞, 這樣的詞匯在上下文的使用中應(yīng)該是一致的。
下面,我們重點(diǎn)看一下指代法在補(bǔ)全短文中的應(yīng)用,??即~有以下幾個(gè):
1) They:指代復(fù)數(shù)的人物、動(dòng)物或事物等(their指代他們的);
2) He/she:指代單數(shù)的男性或女性人物、動(dòng)物等(his/her指代他的或她的);
3) It:指代單數(shù)的動(dòng)物、事物或事件等(its指代它的);
4) other, the other, others, the others
[例1] 請(qǐng)找出下列句子中代詞指代的對(duì)象。
1. iPad applications like Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owners to personalize their email accounts.
2. Knowing our journey was ending, Daniel and I just wanted to remember all we had seen and done. He used a camera. I used words.
3. Elle and Serge were fined for blocking a driveway with their car. It was their own driveway.
As the glacier descended, however, it expended enormous force on those mountains, and they sank into the sea.
指代法在補(bǔ)全短文中的實(shí)例分析:
[例2]
Undergraduates at large US universities —— especially freshmen and sophomores —— often have several classes a semester handled by TAs. In some cases, the TA sets the course content. ______(11) Most have good intentions, but only a few are as effective as flesh-and-blood professors.
A. Back at Renda, I had walked into my first classes feeling like a celebrity
B. In my students' minds, I had little to offer them, except perhaps some sample questions for the mid-term exam.
C. In others, the TA works as a grader and discussion leader
D. I encountered these in China, and I faced them in the US.
E. On the other hand, being taught by a graduate student is not necessarily bad
F. Most were polite, or at least, indifferent.
C
第一步:回歸原文,根據(jù)句子前后判斷答案。橫線前面一句出現(xiàn)了In some cases(在某些情況下),句子的意思是:在某些時(shí)候,由TA設(shè)置課程內(nèi)容。說明接下來要說的就是在其他的情況下了。
第二步:接下來看選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)當(dāng)中只有C選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)了表示其它情況的“in others”,因此,本題的正確答案為C.
[總結(jié)]
1.當(dāng)選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)“other 名詞”形式時(shí),橫線前面出現(xiàn)和名詞對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容;
2.當(dāng)選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)“others”,說明others指代的是前文出現(xiàn)的一些或一部分人或物;
3.當(dāng)選項(xiàng)中some后面沒有跟名詞時(shí),說明some指代的是前文出現(xiàn)的一些或一部分人或物。
4. 當(dāng)選項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)“some 名詞”形式時(shí),橫線前面出現(xiàn)和名詞對(duì)應(yīng)的內(nèi)容。
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