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發(fā)布時(shí)間: 2016年06月01日

考研英語(yǔ)沖刺復(fù)習(xí):三類代詞詳解

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提到“代詞”很多學(xué)生第一反應(yīng)肯定是“人稱代詞”,其實(shí)在英語(yǔ)中,除了有人稱代詞之外,還包括指示代詞、反身代詞等。下面就給大家詳細(xì)解析一下人稱代詞、指示代詞和反身代詞的基本用法,希望通過此篇文章能讓各大考生對(duì)代詞這一基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)有一個(gè)更深入的把握,詳情如下:

一、人稱代詞

1. 一般規(guī)則

1)人稱代詞的使用順序?yàn)榈诙朔Q、第三人稱、第一人稱。

如:You, she and I are sincere friends.

2)人稱代詞與表人的名詞并列時(shí),順序?yàn)椤懊~ 人稱代詞”,但you常位于名詞前。

如:You, Marry and I must be in a common effort.

3)與其他代詞排列時(shí),人稱代詞在前。

如:She, I and some others like pageant(露天表演)。

2. 當(dāng)由every或each修飾并由and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),后面的代詞要用單數(shù);若這兩個(gè)名詞一個(gè)是陽(yáng)性,一個(gè)是陰性。可用he/his/himself來(lái)代替。

如:Every mother and daughter in town has been invited to the dancing party she is longing for.

Every man and woman has his right to vote.

3. 當(dāng)由or或nor連接的兩個(gè)名詞或代詞時(shí),代詞要與or 或nor后面的名詞或代詞在性和數(shù)上保持一致。

如:Either Marry and or her classmates study harder than they did before.

4. 人稱代詞在比較分句中做主語(yǔ)用主格,做賓語(yǔ)用賓格。

如:I trust you as much as her. 但在非正式語(yǔ)體中人稱代詞在比較分句中做主語(yǔ),也可以用賓格,特別是這類代詞帶有all, both做同位語(yǔ),通常都用賓格。

二、指示代詞

1. all, both 與of 連用時(shí),如果of后是名詞,則可省去of,但of后如果是代詞,of則不可省。

如:All the old men are hale and heavy.

Both of them are idle fellows.

All和whole 在修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí),意思往往是一樣的,然而次序不同,all用于冠詞或其他限定詞之前,而whole前必須有冠詞或其他限定詞。

如:All the city is burning.

The whole city is burning.

2. no one = nobody ,僅用于人,不能與of 短語(yǔ)連用,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。None既能指人,又能指物,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可用單數(shù),也可用復(fù)試,也可與of連用。

如:No one has read Paradise Lost up till now.

None of us has seen an overpass.

“none other than” 是個(gè)固定結(jié)構(gòu),意為“就是”,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

如:The new arrival was none other than the President.

3. much 常用語(yǔ)下列用法中

(be) much of a 很,更;了不起的,稱得上……的

not so much … as 與其說……,不如說……

(with) not /without so much as 甚至于不

much more = still more (用于肯定句)更加

much less= still (even) less(用于否定句)更不,更說不上

so much so that 到如此程度,以致

4. everyone, every one, anyone, any one

everyone = everybody,只能指人,不能與of 連用,而every one 可指人,也可指物,可跟of 短語(yǔ)。

anyone, any one 用法同上,可用于肯定句。

5. 其他不定代詞構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)

anything of 一點(diǎn)兒,一點(diǎn);……的味道 (用于否定句、疑問句或條件句)

something of 在某種意義(程度)上 (用于肯定句)

everything of 一切事物,重要的事物;完全

nothing of 根本不,一點(diǎn)也不是

anything but 除……之外的任何事物;根本不,絕不

nothing but 僅僅

三、反身代詞

1. 反身代詞做介詞的補(bǔ)足成分。

by oneself 單獨(dú)地,獨(dú)自地

for oneself 親自地,為自己

of oneself 自動(dòng)地,自然而然地

in oneself 自身,本質(zhì)上

to oneself 供自己用,專用

2. 反身代詞用于“動(dòng)詞 反身代詞 副詞”的固定搭配中。

如:He took himself away. 走開

She often puts herself forward. 擺架子

Carl played a joke on Bob and gave himself away by laughing. 露出馬腳

3. 反身代詞用于“動(dòng)詞 反身代詞 介詞”的固定搭配中。

如:The work addict surrendered himself to despair. 陷入困境

The Earl always prides himself on having a glorious past. 炫耀

4. 在anyone, no one, nobody 等代詞 but 后可用第一、第二人稱反身代詞做主語(yǔ),但不能用第三人稱反身代詞。

如:Anyone but yourself (myself) had been to the island girded by the sea.


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