理工類-閱讀判斷（1月1日）_職稱英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)校

閱讀判斷

The Science of Persuasion

If leadership consists of getting things done through others, then persuasion is one of the leader's essential tools. Many executives have assumed that this tool is beyond their grasp, available only to the charismatic (有魅力的) and the eloquent. Over the past several decades, though, experimental psychologists have learned which methods reliably lead people to concede, comply, or change. Their research shows that persuasion is governed by several principles that can be taught and applied.

The first principle is that people are more likely to follow someone who is similar to them than someone who is not. Wise managers, then, ask peers to help make their cases. Second, people are more willing to cooperate with those who are not only like them but who like them, as well. So it's worth the time to uncover real similarities and offer genuine praise.

Third, experiments confirm the intuitive truth that people tend to treat you the way you treat them. It's sound policy to do a favor before seeking one. Fourth, individuals are more likely to keep promises they make voluntarily and clearly. The message for managers here is to get commitments in writing. Fifth, studies show that people really do defer to (服從) experts. So before they attempt to exert influence, executives should take pains to establish their own expertise and not assume that it's self-evident. Finally, people want more of a commodity when it's scarce; it follows, then, that exclusive information is more persuasive than widely available data.

1、Experiments have confirmed the assumption of many executives.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 B

【答案解析】 答題依據(jù)在第一段的二、三句。用 though 一轉(zhuǎn)，表明實(shí)驗(yàn)證明的與行政主管的看法不同。

2、People are more likely to cooperate with those who like them.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 A

【答案解析】 答題依據(jù)在第二段的第三句。人們不僅喜歡與像他們的人合作，而且也樂(lè)意與喜歡他們的人合作。

3、Managers do not employ those who are quite different from them.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 C

【答案解析】 文章指提到人們喜歡聽(tīng)從和他們相似點(diǎn)多的人，并未提及管理者不雇傭與他們不同的人。

4、There is no need for a manager to find out the merits of his employees.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 B

【答案解析】 文章第二段提到“值得花時(shí)間去發(fā)現(xiàn)相似之處并給予真摯的贊揚(yáng)”。因此此句說(shuō)“管理這沒(méi)有必要去發(fā)現(xiàn)員工的特點(diǎn)”是錯(cuò)誤的。

5、Experiments have shown that, contrary to our expectation, people tend to treat you the way you treat them.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 B

【答案解析】 第三段第一句提到“confirm the intuitive truth”，并不是“contrary to our expectation”,因此這句話錯(cuò)誤。

6、There are as many wise managers as there are stupid ones.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 C

【答案解析】 文章沒(méi)有討論英明的管理者和愚蠢的管理者。

7、Exclusive information is more persuasive than widely known data.

A、Right

B、Wrong

C、Not mentioned

【正確答案】 A

【答案解析】 答題依據(jù)在文章最后一句。獨(dú)家信息要比人人皆知的信息更有說(shuō)服力。

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